Creating and Sustaining a Healthy Communitive Climate Essays

Creating and Sustaining a Healthy Communitive Climate Essays Creating and Sustaining a Healthy Communitive Climate COMM 1101 Interpersonal Communications and Relationships Dr. James Tomasson A supportive climate is created when people feel they are valued. In a positive communication climate people interact confidently and courteously. Their relationships are built on openness, honesty and trust which comes from the goodwill they feel towards one another. People are willing to speak with others, to listen carefully, ask questions and offer feedback. Information and ideas are conveyed accurately. A defensive communication climate is created when the contribution of individuals is not appreciated. A negative climate makes it difficult for people to get and give information and to take action, because it is hard to communicate. People feel uncomfortable and unwilling to interact. Consequently, they are less willing to ask questions, or offer ideas and feedback, and are more inclined to wait and see what happens. The accuracy of the communication declines and interpersonal relationships are less effective in a negative communication climate. I had a supervisor who was always at me for every little thing, she was always so negative, rude and unprofessional and handling situations. I worked in a office as a receptionist where I was like 10 minutes late almost every day due to the person I was catching a ride with was always running late herself because she had kids to get ready for school. One day I come in, 10 minutes late of course and my supervisor is standing at my desk looking at the clock and looking at me, I go to punch in and as I am making my to my desk she calls me into her office, I knew already what is was about. She explained to me that being late is unprofessional that if I continued to be late that I would be fired. I had tried to explain to her that is was my ride that they were always running late and they were my only was of transportation. But before I could get one word out she put her hand out in front of her and said I dont want to hear it, whatever it is, is not my problem I am not here to listen to your complaints. I went to my desk feeling unheard and useless and decided to go to the boss about it. We talked about the situation and I had told him what she had done and said. He was very understanding about my situation but wanted to hold a meeting between me and my supervisor to discuss the issue. He then brought up how rude she was to me, that being rude like that makes the department look bad and that she could have heard me out and empathised for me a little and be more understanding. That I wasnt the only one to complain about how rude she was. She then looked at me and somewhat gave me an apology, said she was sorry but rolling her eyes then walked out of the bosss office. When she left he told me that if I notice anymore rudeness from her to let him know so he can deal with it so no one else has to go through what I went though. I left his office and went to my desk and noticed throughout the day my supervisor avoided me completely. A defence communication can be how someone is always late with work, school or anything important, the evolution is tardiness.

Definition and Examples of Hypernyms in English

Definition and Examples of Hypernyms in English In  linguistics  and  lexicography, a  hypernym is a  word whose meaning includes the meanings of other words. For instance, flower is a hypernym of daisy and rose. Adjective:  hypernymous. Put another way, hypernyms (also called superordinates and supertypes) are general words; hyponyms  (also called subordinates) are subdivisions of more general words. The semantic relationship between each of the more specific words (e.g., daisy and rose) and the more general term (flower) is called hyponymy or inclusion. Etymology From the Greek, extra name Examples and Observations [A] hypernym is a broad, superordinate label that applies to many members of a set, while the members themselves are the hyponyms. Hyponymy is a hierarchical relationship, and it may consist of a number of levels. For example, dog is a hyponym of animal, but it is also the hypernym of poodle, alsatian, chihuahua, terrier, beagle and so on. (Jan McAllister and James E. Miller, Introductory Linguistics for Speech and Language Therapy Practice. Wiley-Blackwell, 2013) A hypernym is a word with a general meaning that has basically the same meaning of a more specific word. For example, dog is a hypernym, while collie and chihuahua are more specific subordinate terms. The hypernym tends to be a basic-level category that is used by speakers with high frequency; speakers usually refer to collies and chihuahuas as dogs, rather than using the subordinate terms, which are consequently of relatively low frequency. (Laurie Beth Feldman, Morphological Aspects of Language Processing. Lawrence Erlbaum, 1995) The foot of footstep narrows down the type of step being expressed to the step made by a foot. A footstep is a kind of step; or, in more technical terms, footstep is a hyponym, or subtype, of step, and step is a hypernym, or supertype, of footstep. . . . Doorstep is also a hyponym of step, and step is a hypernym of doorstep. (Keith M. Denning, Brett Kessler, and William Ronald Leben, English Vocabulary Elements. Oxford University  Press, 2007) Hypernyms, Hyponyms, and Connotations Hyponyms are more likely to carry  strong connotations than  hypernyms, though this is not an invariable rule. The word animal can carry negative connotations in metaphors such as He behaved like an animal. However, more specific connotations can be carried by the use of more specific words. He ate like a pig. You rat! Shes a bitch. (Maggie Bowring et al.,  Working with Texts: A Core Introduction to Language Analysis.  Routledge, 1997) A Method of Definition The most illuminating way of defining a lexeme is to provide a hypernym along with various distinguishing features- an approach to definition whose history can be traced back to Aristotle. For example, a majorette is a girl (the hypernym) who twirls a baton and accompanies a marching band. It is usually possible to trace a hierarchical path through a dictionary, following the hypernyms as they become increasingly abstract until we arrive at such general notions (essence, being, existence) that clear sense-relations between the lexemes no longer exist. (David Crystal, The Cambridge Encyclopedia of the English Language. Cambridge University  Press, 2003) Alternate Spellings: hyperonym

(Ethics and Communication) Thieves Found Citigroup Site an Easy Entry Article

(Ethics and Communication) Thieves Found Citigroup Site an Easy Entry - Article Example As indicated in the report, â€Å"the expertise behind the attack, according to law enforcement officials and security experts, is a sign of what is likely to be a wave of more and more sophisticated breaches by high-tech thieves hungry for credit card numbers and other confidential information† (Schwartz and Dash 1). The hacked information are sold to the underground market for data of stolen goods (Internet bazaars) where goods and merchandise are purchased using credit card information and the money remitted to points of origin through Western Union or Money Gram. This scenario, apart from being considered a breach of security from the technological perspective, is also an ethical and communication issue in terms of violating ethical codes and the ability to magnify the infraction through the use of the internet as a communication medium. By hacking, vital information is stolen being regarded as an ethical issue of violating human rights. Communication issue is likewise an issue here in terms of announcing these stolen goods in the underground market using the Internet where buyers and sellers abound undetected. Works Cited Schwartz, Nelson D and Eric Dash. "Thieves Found Citigroup Site an Easy Entry." New York Times 13 June 2011: A1.Web. 4 July 2011.

Concept of coping Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Concept of coping - Essay Example This paper aims at providing an exploration of the concept of coping and the way it impacts the lives of persons with chronic illness. The attributes of this concept and nursing intervention are discussed with relevance to the book, At the Will of the Body written by Arthur Frank (2002). Furthermore, the paper discusses how the connotations in the book influence nursing practices, in particular to the concept of coping. Frank (2002) details the health challenges he faced, reflecting on his journey of pain, endurance and illness experiences that transformed him to cope with the traumatic situation. One of the concepts of coping strategies that he stresses is the process of coping with grief as it is essential for patients with chronic illness to move to the stage of renewal and recovery from their emotional burdens. Frank clearly expresses how patients are disturbed and affected, when their mourning is limited, and what this restriction does to their emotions when disregarded by the external factors. His distinction between disease and illness sheds light on the fact that treatment of the disease of the body is not the same as the care for the illness experience of the patients living in the collapsed state. â€Å"Illness is the experience of living through the disease† (Frank, 2002, p. 13). Frank’s illness expresses the importance of sharing and emotional support, and what happens whe n it is delivered efficiently for the patients by their caregivers and medical professionals. Coping can be defined as the â€Å"constantly changing cognitive and behavioral efforts to manage specific external and internal demands that are appraised as taxing or exceeding the resources of the person† (Contrada & Baum, 2010, p. 197). Coping is a holistic phenomenon which involves physical, psychological, emotional and social perspectives that possibly impacts individual behaviors. Moreover, coping

The arms race and the naval race Essay Example for Free

The arms race and the naval race Essay There were few valid reasons for the start of WW1. The reasons I am about to explain to you are IMPERIALISM, MILITARISM and ALLIANCES. WW1 started because the greed of other countries. Imperialism started to be a big factor in 1848 because a new, very big and very strong country called Germany was made. It was made up of Prussia, Oldenburg, Schaunburg-Lippe, Mecklenburg-sterhitz, Hessen, Hohenzollern and Waldeck. A few days after they became Germany, they attacked France and conquered some of their land (Alsace and Lorraine). This is just one example showing that Germany want to become stronger and bigger than they were before. The Russian empire controlled Poland which showed they were making a advance to get a port at sea so the could have a use for their ships that they have built (dreadnoughts). Also the Ottoman Empire was decreasing fast so they would also want to gain some land back. The arms race and the naval race were also a great long term cause of WW1. As one country increased its armies, so all the others felt obliged to increase their armed forces to keep the balance of power. The arms race was clearly being won by Germany with 8.5 million men in 7 years, that is 4.1 million more than Russia, who is in second place. On the whole though, the triple entente (Russia, France and Britain) had more arms than the triple alliance (Italy, Germany and Austro-Hungary). The naval race, although, was won clearly by Britain with 29 dreadnoughts and 9 warships while Germany had 17 dreadnoughts and 7 warships. Great Britain felt threatened by Germany for their sudden manufacturing of dreadnoughts because they could now takeover colonies that England have, so England made a alliance with Japan in 1904 so the pacific sea was taken care off. Alliances were one of the main causes of WW1. There were two main alliances one was the triple Entente ( England, France and Russia) and the other was the triple alliance ( Germany, Austro-Hungary and Italy). When Franz Ferdinand, the archduke of Austro-Hungary was assassinated by the BLACK HAND organization they wanted to attack Serbia, but Russia had a alliance with Serbia and vowed to defend them if Austro-Hungary made a move. If they did make a move though, Germany was in an alliance with Austro-Hungary, and also vowed to defend them if Russia attacked. If Germany attacked Russia however, France would defend Russia because they were in an alliance. This was the main reason that WW1 started, turning from a argument between two countries and turning into a war within the whole of Europe, including the USA.

Economic Injustice Essay -- essays research papers fc

Economic Justice Between Classes We live in a country today misrepresented by its own peoples' perception. The consensus that we live in the greatest nation in the world is not so much a feeling of nationalism as it is a forgone conclusion in the minds of millions of Americans. What a great many of these millions do not realize is that they are the victims of a government set up by our founding fathers to uphold a class system based on a very unproportional distribution of wealth. As the old saying goes, you need money to make money, and this is never more true than it is in the United States, the land where the rich stay rich and the poor stay poor. Howard Zinn asks, "What is economic justice?" There is no clear answer, except to say economic justice simply does not exist. Founding Fathers Promise Equality One might ask when all this came about. The nation started under the greatest of pretexts. A nation of democracy, equality, and freedom. But freedom from what? Taxation without representation? Or maybe just taxation. The argument has been made that our country was started by land and slave owning men who did not want to pay their taxes. But the truth is the nation was started by a group of very wealthy men, who did not intend for "all men are created equal" to apply to the distribution of wealth. True, times were very different then. But many ideas and laws from the late 18th century that have no place in the 21st century still apply in situations today. Look no further than the recent election. An old system of choosing the nations leader by electors, created in fairness to southern slave-owners who counted each of their "possesions" as two-fifths of a person, is preventing the nation from electing the majority's choice as president. The debacle that is now being called "Indecision 2000" should be a wake up call to Americans living under laws past in another age for a much different nation. No one denies that poverty is a problem in the United States, and even more so globally. Lack of sufficent food, decent education, proper housing, and sufficent medical coverage are all very apparent. The constitution guarantees life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness, while these basic necessities of life are being denied to millions of families in the United States. The Laissez - Faire Approach Some are actually a... ...nly distributed, and no traces of economic justice even exist. People living in poverty need some kind of hope, some sign that their government has not forgotten them. The truth is, there are plenty of people who do care, and there are many efforts to help. The discrepancies are simply too big to go unnoticed, and a change is inevitable. As for right now, the trend continues. The rich get super-richer, the poor get poorer Works Cited Zinn, Howard. Declarations of Independence. New York: HaperCollins, 1990. Raymond W. Baker: A 150-to-1 Ratio Is Far Too Lopsided for Comfort, 1999/02/05, Intl. Herald Tribune, pg.6. Mohammed Dore: Poverty, Global Inequality and the Foundations of Redistribution Policy, 1996 <http://spartan.ac.brocku.ca/~dore/poverty/> "Forbes 400 Richest in America." Forbes.com. 2000 <http://www.forbes.com/400richest/> U.S. Department of Labor. "U.S. Employment Standards Admin.". <www.dol.gov/esa/public/minwage.> U.S. Bureau of the Census "Poverty". 26 September 2000 <http://www.census.gov/hhes/www/poverty.html> Henwood, Doug. "Boom for Whom?." Left Business Observer #93 Feb. 2000: 2 Economic Injustice Essay -- essays research papers fc Economic Justice Between Classes We live in a country today misrepresented by its own peoples' perception. The consensus that we live in the greatest nation in the world is not so much a feeling of nationalism as it is a forgone conclusion in the minds of millions of Americans. What a great many of these millions do not realize is that they are the victims of a government set up by our founding fathers to uphold a class system based on a very unproportional distribution of wealth. As the old saying goes, you need money to make money, and this is never more true than it is in the United States, the land where the rich stay rich and the poor stay poor. Howard Zinn asks, "What is economic justice?" There is no clear answer, except to say economic justice simply does not exist. Founding Fathers Promise Equality One might ask when all this came about. The nation started under the greatest of pretexts. A nation of democracy, equality, and freedom. But freedom from what? Taxation without representation? Or maybe just taxation. The argument has been made that our country was started by land and slave owning men who did not want to pay their taxes. But the truth is the nation was started by a group of very wealthy men, who did not intend for "all men are created equal" to apply to the distribution of wealth. True, times were very different then. But many ideas and laws from the late 18th century that have no place in the 21st century still apply in situations today. Look no further than the recent election. An old system of choosing the nations leader by electors, created in fairness to southern slave-owners who counted each of their "possesions" as two-fifths of a person, is preventing the nation from electing the majority's choice as president. The debacle that is now being called "Indecision 2000" should be a wake up call to Americans living under laws past in another age for a much different nation. No one denies that poverty is a problem in the United States, and even more so globally. Lack of sufficent food, decent education, proper housing, and sufficent medical coverage are all very apparent. The constitution guarantees life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness, while these basic necessities of life are being denied to millions of families in the United States. The Laissez - Faire Approach Some are actually a... ...nly distributed, and no traces of economic justice even exist. People living in poverty need some kind of hope, some sign that their government has not forgotten them. The truth is, there are plenty of people who do care, and there are many efforts to help. The discrepancies are simply too big to go unnoticed, and a change is inevitable. As for right now, the trend continues. The rich get super-richer, the poor get poorer Works Cited Zinn, Howard. Declarations of Independence. New York: HaperCollins, 1990. Raymond W. Baker: A 150-to-1 Ratio Is Far Too Lopsided for Comfort, 1999/02/05, Intl. Herald Tribune, pg.6. Mohammed Dore: Poverty, Global Inequality and the Foundations of Redistribution Policy, 1996 <http://spartan.ac.brocku.ca/~dore/poverty/> "Forbes 400 Richest in America." Forbes.com. 2000 <http://www.forbes.com/400richest/> U.S. Department of Labor. "U.S. Employment Standards Admin.". <www.dol.gov/esa/public/minwage.> U.S. Bureau of the Census "Poverty". 26 September 2000 <http://www.census.gov/hhes/www/poverty.html> Henwood, Doug. "Boom for Whom?." Left Business Observer #93 Feb. 2000: 2

Andrew Marvell’s poem ‘To His Coy Mistress’ Essay

In this essay I will compare and contrast Andrew Marvell’s poem, ‘To His Coy Mistress’, with Elizabeth Barrett Browning’s sonnet, ‘How Do I Love Thee†¦?’ Andrew Marvell’s poem is about an older man trying persuade a younger women to ‘carpe diem’ (seize the day), in order to make love to her, by using compliments and flattery, ‘Vaster than empires, and should go to praise.'(Stanza 1, line 12) Additionally, Elizabeth Barrett Browning’s sonnet is about a female who is expressing her feelings towards a male. Judging by the poem, the woman is deeply in love with the man in a spiritual sense, ‘I love thee to the depth and breadth and height, my soul can reach.’ (Line 2-3) ‘To His Coy Mistress’ is a comparatively long poem of 46 lines, which is divided into three stanzas, representing different parts of the argument for which he is trying to persuade her to sleep with him. In the first stanza, the man flatters the women by using grandiose imagery and hyperbole. He says that her ‘coyness’ would be of no consequence ‘had we but world enough and time’ (Line 1) and then follows with more detail in the following stanzas. The older man also shows how interested he is by expressing the magnitude of his feelings, by explaining how he would, ‘love you ten years before the flood’ (Line 8), even if his love were to remain unrequited, ’till the conversation of the Jews.'(Line 10) In addition he then describes how long he would be prepared to appreciate all of her physical attributes, ‘two hundred to adore each breast, But thirty thousand to the rest.'(Line 15-16) On one hand, he is trying to prove to the young women how much he wants her; on the other hand she could perceive his words in the wrong way, maybe he just wants to sleep with her? You could argue that this is satirising the king’s court, because even though he is flattering her, it is inappropriate to assume that he would be allowed to look at her for this long period of time. In the second stanza, he continues to us the grandiose imagery from the first stanza, but introduces a sense of urgency. When he says, ‘but’ in the very first line, the audience realises that there is going to be a shift in focus. He now says that he hears ‘times winged chariot hurrying near.'(Line 22) From this point, his imagery becomes increasingly desperate. He tries to shock the women into sleeping with him, by talking about her ‘coyness’, and if she perseveres in life that way, she runs the risk of only ‘worms†¦trying that long preserved virginity.'(Line 27-28) He says that his attitude will turn to dust and ‘into ashes all my lust.'(Line 30) This sentence makes the audience more aware of his actual intentions by saying the word ‘lust’ rather than ‘love’, making us believe that he has betrayed his true motives, and slipped up in front of the woman, he is making out he ‘loves’. In the last stanza of ‘To His Coy Mistress’, it sees him almost demand that they make ‘sport’ (love). The imagery on this stanza becomes more erotic, and may have more than one interpretation. ‘Let us roll†¦.up into one ball, and tear our pleasures†¦through the iron gates of life.'(Line 41 and 44) Rolling up into a ball could represent two people making love together or a cannon ball which will smash down, ‘the iron gates of life.’ These gates could represent the woman’s chastity belt or society’s conventions which would frown upon an extramarital affair. The last two lines are similarly ambiguous. They both tie in with lines from the second stanza. ‘Thus, through we cannot make our sun, stand still, yet we will make him run’ (Line 45 – 46), suggests that they should make the most of their time they are spending together, and conceive a child (son). Elizabeth Barrett Browning’s poem, ‘How do I love thee†¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ presents quite a contrast to Andrew Marvell’s poem. Its imagery is humble, and very personal. It is an expression of deep love and devotion from one person to another. The purpose of the poem is to quantify the dimensions of her love and at the beginning of the poem, it is very clear to the audience that this woman is deeply in love with her partner By starting with the line, ‘How do I love thee? Let me count the ways'(Line 1) she begins to compare her love to religion and emotions rather than physical attributes, ‘I love thee freely, as men strive for right.’ (Line 7) The imagery she uses to supposedly quantify this love is suggestive of infinity, and a love which has no boundaries, even after the soul is free from the physical body, ‘I shall but love thee after death.’ (Line 14) Constructive descriptions are always used in this poem, compared to Andrew Marvell’s, which also describes the negative issues. Besides Browning’s poem having a very romantic meaning, you could question why the woman needs to prove her love for her partner, because she continually mentions and repeats, ‘I love thee†¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ in most of her sentences. She could be indeed counting the ways she loves her partner, however maybe her partner needs reassuring of her love for him. One could argue that, Barrett Browning chose the sonnet form for this poem, for the purposes of contrast; to take something which is supposedly infinitive (her love) and place it in a finite and restricted form (sonnet). Alternatively, people could think different because there are such strict rules governing sonnet writing, (i.e. 10 syllables per line, 14 lines etc) and people might question why she chose such a rigid format, for something which she feels most strongly about. Overall, the two poems are opposites, but they are both concerned with the concept of time, human life and love. At the end of the poem, browning says, ‘if god choose, I shall love thee better after death,'(Line 13-14) showing that even after she dies, her love for this man will continue to grow, loving him for eternity. ‘To His Coy Mistress’, and ‘How Do I Love Thee†¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ have many correlations with each other. For example; Both poems are about love; but represent different kinds of love. Andrew Marvell’s poem is about lust and sexual gratification, while Elizabeth Barrett Browning’s poem is about true love and loyalty. The sonnet is written from a women’s point of view, where she expresses her true love for her husband. The other poem is written from a mature mans point of view, and represemts his lust for a younger women. This poem is an elaborate ‘chat up line’ to present a logical argument in order to persuade her to make love to him. This can show how the significance of a poem can differ because of the century it has been written in. ‘To his coy mistress’, was written in the 1600’s while ‘How do I love thee†¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ was written in the 1800’s. The cultural difference between these two periods, is the writing style, as in the 1600’s people were interested in composing clever arguments, and were more interested in writing about sex, lust and passion. Whereas in the 1800’s, the poems written had more true meaning, with a deeper, more romantic feeling. ‘And into ashes all my lust’, compared to, ‘How do I love thee†¦Let me count the ways.’ Many love poems are written in a very traditional format, with very strict rules. Elizabeth Barrett Browning took the challenge to write about something which is supposed to have no limits (love) into something which is restricted (sonnet). On the other hand Andrew Marvell’s poem is all based around ‘carpe diem’, in a non-traditional format, with no strict rules or guide-lines. This can affect the imagery used as one has no limitation to the amount of syllables, lines or stanzas, while the other has a restricted format leaving a certain amount of phrases which can be used. Clearly this means that there are different types of imagery used between the two poems since, ‘How do I love thee†¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ uses abstract and emotional imagery, which tends to be highly personal and humble. In some cases you cannot quite put a finger on what she is describing. ‘I love thee to the level of every day, most quite nearby sun and candlelight. (Line 5-6) ‘To His Coy Mistress’, tends to use ostentatious hyperbole and grandiose imagery. He uses big overdone, tacky images, by using phrases such as, ‘times winged chariot’, ‘instant fires’ and ‘iron gates of life.’ You can picture what the man is describing; but on the other hand, you can tell that he might be misleading the audience to make them believe that he is in love with this woman. Throughout the whole of my essay, I have come to the conclusion, that both poems have many comparisons, similarities and differences. They both describe a form of love between two people. In my opinion, the poem I prefer is, ‘To his coy mistress’, because it had more of an effect on me, because of the language used. The man comes across as very desperate, but on the other hand with very good charisma. The imagery used is effective, as I could relate and imagine what he is describing. As well as keeping the audience intrigued on what the women will do next, he leaves the ending on a cliff hanger, by not telling on the final decision the women makes! However, I do not dislike the poem, ‘How do I love thee†¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ because it has appropriate language for the concept she is describing. I just think it is rather tedious describing only the optimistic qualities about a person, for the reason that everybody has faults and pessimistic attributes. Furthermore, I didn’t find it unique or distinctive from other love poems, since the language and imagery was very similar.

Similarities & Differences of Perfect Competition and Monopolistic Competition

Perfect competition describes a market structure in which there is no single firm powerful or large enough to influence the price of the product. In monopolistic competition, numerous sellers differentiated products that are similar but not perfect substitutes for each other. There are some similarities that exist between these two market structures. Firstly, in both market structures, the number of firms is huge. This is especially true for perfect competition, where the number of firms in the industry is numerous. Secondly, in both perfect competition and monopolistic competition, there are no barriers to entry. Firms are free to enter and leave the market as they see fit. Besides that, firms also have to compete with each other. However, there are more dissimilarities than similarities between these two. The first difference is the product offered. In perfect competition, the products offered are identical to those of other firms. Products are usually perfect substitutes to each other. In monopolistic competition, companies use product differentiation to set their product apart from their competition. Some differentiation strategies include brand names, design, and advertising. A good example to demonstrate product differentiation is the smartphone market. Samsung, Apple, Sony, and HTC produce smartphones that are similar to each other in terms of functionality and quality. However, there are some small differences in features, pricing, and design that will be the deciding factor for customers when they make their purchasing decision. Secondly, there is a difference in the pricing of the products. In perfect competition, firms are numerous and small, ensuring that no one firm has control over pricing. Thus, prices are influenced by forces such as supply and demand. In contrast, in monopolistic competition firms have some level of control over pricing due to product differentiation. Since products are not perfect substitutes for each other, it depends on the customer to decide to purchase the product at the selling price or not. For example, a t-shirt from Ralph Lauren is quite a bit more expensive than a t-shirt from GAP but there are still a lot of customers who choose to buy it.

Famous People Of The Civil War Essays - American Slaves, Free Essays

Famous People Of The Civil War Essays - American Slaves, Free Essays Famous People of the Civil War Ullysses S. Grant Ulysses Simpson Grant served effectively with Zachary Taylor's army at Monterey during the Mexican war. Right when the war began Grant obtained a position on the staff of General George McClellan. During the war he showed courage in both physically and morally manners. In February 1862 Grant captured Fort Henry and Fort Donelson with help from the Federal navy. In October he was appointed commander of the Department of Tennessee, and told to take Vicksburg, Mississippi. Earl Van Dorn captured Grant's base at Holly Springs and he had to retreat. In 1864 Grant was promoted to lieutenant general and named general in chief of all federal armies. In April 1865 Grant forced Lee to surrender after an 88 mile pursuit. Grant was elected president in 1868 and served two terms. Robert E. Lee During the Mexican war Lee was an engineering officer with Winfield Scott's force. Jefferson Davis appointed Lee a general in the southern army in 1861. He was not successful in preventing an invasion of western Virginia, so he was sent to the Atlantic Coastal defense. In 1862 when Joseph E. Johnston was wounded, Lee became commander of the confederate army in Virginia. In Richmond Lee drove the unionist away from the capital in the Seven Days' Battles. In August he defeated the Northern army in the second Battle of Bull Run. In May 1863 Lee won his greatest victory but also suffered his worst loss in life. The Unionist were driven back with heavy casualties. The following year Lee led his army against a series of bloody attacks against the Northern Army commanded by Ulysses S. Grant. Robert Lee was one of the best commanders during the Civil War and was an American hero. Stonewall Jackson Stonewall Jackson was a confederate general in the American Civil War. He joined the Confederate army in 1861 and later fought in the first battle of Bull Run. There he earned his nickname, "like a stone wall". In 1863 Jackson commanded a Confederate army in the Shenandoah Valley, and he defeated Federal generals whose strength was several times his own. In May of 1863 Jackson was in command of more than half of all the Confederate army and made an attack on the Federal army. After returning one night he was accidentally shot by some of his own men. J.E.B. Stuart James Ewell Brown Stuart was a Confederate officer in the Civil War. He is probably the most famous soldier in Robert E. Lee's Army. In the Gettysburg campaign, Stuart went on a controversial raid around the Federal army when Lee most needed him to gather intelligence. He arrived after the Battle of Gettysburg was over. A number of people think that the Confederate defeat was mainly Stuart's fault. On May 11, 1864 Stuart was badly wounded. He died the next day. Joseph Hooker Hooker was named a general in 1861 an was known as fighting Joe. During the Mexican War he received three brevets for bravery. He commanded the army of the Potomac at the Battle of Chancellorsville, he lost and was replaced before Gettysburg. In November 1863 he won the Battle of Lookout Mountain at Chattanooga. In 1864 Hooker served under William Sherman in Georgia. He resigned because he wasn't promoted after he served in Georgia. George E. Pickett George Pickett was a Confederate general during the Civil War. He is most remembered for Pickett's charge at the Battle of Gettysburg. Pickett graduated from West Point in 1846 and remained in the U.S. Army until 1861, when he joined the Confederate army. On July 3, 1863 he led his troops on a spearhead attack on Cemetery Ridge that was supposed to break through the center of the union line. This has been called the Confederacy's "high-water mark". Harriet Tubman Harriet Tubman was an abolitionist and a fugitive slave. She was born to slave parents and escaped to freedom. In the 1850's she made many journeys to free slaves through the Underground Railroad. She was aided by abolitionists and Quakers, and John Brown who consulted with her for the Harpers Ferry raid in 1859. During the Civil War she served as an army cook, a nurse, and became a spy for Maryland and Virginia. After the war she

How to Be a Good Freelance Writer

How to Be a Good Freelance Writer How to Be a Good Freelance Writer A freelance writer is a self-employed basis position that may include wide specter of writing activity. Usually, these people are not attached to one employer and work on two and more projects simultaneously. However, a freelance writer can build relations with a particular company that orders written content on a regular basis. Speaking about how to be a freelance writer, it is important to keep in mind that the job requires high self-discipline, excellent time-management skills, as the salary is heavily dependent on writer’s own productivity and motivation. Becoming a freelancer is challenging because this profession demands the ability to operate with priorities, self-organizing and constant self-improvement. Currently, there are thousands of office-based job places, but being a full-time freelance writer is not an easy thing to do. People choose this job either for part-time hobby or for an additional source of money. However, this occupation requires the specific set of skills or abilities which can help a person to be a successful freelancer, and create positive reputation and respect-worthy portfolio. First of all, being a good writer means being an expert in grammar, punctuation, and stylistic nuances. Moreover, the wide and rich vocabulary is a must for a writer, as it is the main instrument for making money. The writer’s profession requires deep expertise in the discussed topic and excellent knowledge of appropriate terminology. With preparation to becoming a freelancer a person has to consider following notes: Decide the direction to develop the text, either it is fiction or nonfiction, or even both. It is also worth mentioning that nonfiction genre, that corresponds with analytical or informative articles, is much easier to sell to people than imaginative papers. Thus, it is necessary to keep this in mind when making a choice, because in this way the writer has more job offers, consequently, more opportunities to earn money. A candidate for a freelance job should know why he or she needs this job. Whether there is a desire to write to make money for living, to get some extra money, or just for pleasure and self-education. The outcome of the choice can affect the level of efforts that a person needs to put into the freelance operations. Full-time workers apply additional force into their vocation than those who seek for extra cash. If a person has a diploma in the related field, it is important to that knowledge when necessary. In the modern freelance market, there are many people who cannot guarantee proficient expertise on specific topics. However, the academic degree can help person be a certified professional who can give the appropriate level of analysis towards specific topics. Finally, it is possible to conclude that a future writer should work on the personal portfolio. Thus, a freelance candidate should collect best-written pieces of text, however, unpublished texts are also worth the attention. However, he or she ought to adjust the portfolio for each job according to position requirements. For instance, it is not necessary to show poems if a person wants to get a job in writing analytical articles and essays in politics.

Marketing Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Marketing - Research Paper Example This plan deals with developing an online presence for Generation Y to create different marketing plans for the different brands within L’Oreal. Table of Contents Page No. 1. Introduction †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 3 2. Issue Problem †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 4 3. Analysis and Application †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 8 a. Australian Culture †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 9 b. Gender Role in Australia †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 9 c. Social Classes in Australia †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 10 d. Core Australian Values †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 11 e. Target Market †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 11 4. Application †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 13 5. Recommendations †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 14 6. References †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 16 Introduction L’Oreal is one of the largest Cosmetics and Beauty Products Company and offers a big range of hair and beauty products with 23 global brands. With headquarters located in the world fashion capital of Paris, L’Oreal enjoys a strong global presence in more than a hundred countries (L’Oreal, 2011). L’Oreal has made a division withi n its product according to their target market that is consumer products, luxury products, professional products and active cosmetics. These product ranges cater to different kinds of consumers depending on their specific needs. Issue/Problem After analyzing the marketing campaigns of L’Oreal, a few issues have been identified that could be improved so as it increase brand loyalty within the Australian market for L’Oreal. At this time, L’Oreal is a multinational product that has to compete with other cosmetic and beauty products that includes both international products and national products. With a cosmetics company, brand loyalty can be quite advantageous as consumers prefer to buy products from the same company that they are satisfied. They do not wish to invest in new brands where they are not aware of the quality of the product. The reason is because all kinds of people are conscious about their skin and the impact of cosmetics on their skin. For this reaso n, brand loyalty is imperative for cosmetics and beauty products companies and this can be developed by effectively using consumer behavior theories to bring consumers to buy a particular product (Ergin, Ozdemir and Pariliti, 2005). But for this we need to analyze the marketing problems that are apparent in L’Oreal’s marketing campaign. When brand enter into new markets, they often face certain barriers when communicating with the new consumers. The core values of these consumers are often different from that of the previous consumers and sometimes even clash with each other. For this reason, local marketers are hired for the promotion of the brand keeping in view the new consumers (Boone and Kurtz, 2011). In the case of L’Oreal, marketers in all countries follow the international pattern of marketing. The products are advertised in almost the same manner in every country. This alienates the brand as an international brand. The consumers are more confident in in vesting in brands that appear friendly and act as their friend. L’Oreal has alienated itself through its marketing. The following example shows L’Oreal advertising in two different countries, namely Australia and Japan. Though one can differentiate through the language but consumers want to see faces they can identify with. L’Oreal advertising Japan L’Oreal advertising Australia Though L’Oreal is an internationally active brand, its presence in Australia leaves a lot to be demanded. As Generation Y is increasing its